Cheatsheet Of Linux Command Line.
Its really hard to remember all the commands in linux as they are too many.
So we are providing you various helpful commands which you can use in your day-to-day linux trooubleshooting.
Go through below commands hopefully they will help you in digging your issues and find a resolution for the same.
Remember www.linuxjust4u.com, you will always find useful commands here.
So here we go…..
- File Commands
ls – List the content of the current directory.
ls -R – List the subdirectories recursively.
ls -a – List all the content, including hidden files.
ls -l – List the content and its information.
pwd – Output the current directory that you are in.
cd folder1 – Change the working directory to folder1.
cd – Return to the $Home directory.
cd .. – Go up a directory.
cd – – Return to the previous directory.
cp source destination – Copy source to destination.
cp -r source destination – Copy a folder recursively from source to destination.
mv source destination – Move (or rename) a file from source to destination.
rm file1 – Remove file1.
rm -f file1 – Remove file1 without prompt.
rm -r folder – Remove a folder and its content recursively.
mkdir foldername – Create a new folder foldername.
rmdir foldername – Remove an empty folder.
file file1 – Show the file type of file1.
cat file1 file2 – Concatenate file1 to file 2.
cat > file1 – Concatenate standard input to file1 grep pattern.
less file1 – View and paginate file1.
head file1 – Show first 10 lines of file1.
tail file1 – Show last 10 lines of file1.
chmod 777 file – Change file permission of file to 777.
chown user:group file – Change ownership of file to user and group group.
ln -s source destination – Create a symbolic link from source to destination.
- System Commands
uname -a – Show system and kernel
head -n1 /etc/issue – Show distribution
mount – Show mounted filesystems
date – Show system date
uptime – Show system uptime
whoami – Show your username
w – Display who is online
man command – Show manual for command
mount -o loop cdrom.iso /mnt/dir – Mount cdrom.iso at /mnt/dir
cat /proc/partitions – Show all partitions registered on the system
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo – Show RAM total seen by the system
grep “model name” /proc/cpuinfo – Show CPU(s) info
lspci -tv – Show PCI info
lsusb -tv – Show USB info
!! – Repeat the last command
exit – Log out of current session
- File Searching Commands
grep pattern files – Search for pattern in files
grep -i – Case insensitive search
grep -r – Recursive search
grep -v – Inverted search
grep -o – Show matched part of file only
locate file1 – Find file1
whereis command – Find binary/source /manual for command
which app – Locate a command for the app
look string file1 – Display any lines in file1 which contain string as a prefix.
find /dir/ -user name – Find files owned by name in dir
find /dir/ -mmin num – Find files modifed less than num minutes ago in dir
find /dir/ -name name* – Find files starting with name in dir
- File Encryption and Compression
gpg -c file – Encrypt file
gpg file.gpg – Decrypt file.gpg
tar -cf archive.tar foo bar – Create archive.tar from files foo and bar
tar -xf archive.tar – Extract all files from archive.tar.
tar -czf archive.tar.gz foo bar – Create archive.tar.gz from files foo and bar, with Gzip compression
tar -xzf archive.tar.gz – Extract a tar using Gzip
tar -cjf archive.tar.bz2 foo bar – Create archive.tar.bz2 from files foo and bar, using Bzip2 compression.
tar -xjf archive.tar.bz2 – Extract a tar using Bzip2
gzip file1 – Compress file1 and rename it to file1.gz
gzip -d file1.gz – Decompress file1.gz
- Process Management
ps – Show snapshot of processes
top – Show real time processes
kill pid – Kill process with id pid
pkill name – Kill process with name name
killall name – Kill all processes with names beginning name
- Keyboard Shortcuts
Ctrl + Shift + c – Copy a highlighted text
Ctrl + Shift + v – Paste a copied text
Ctrl + z – Sleep program
Ctrl + c – Stop current command
Ctrl + r – Start a search
Ctrl + u – Cut from start of line
Ctrl + k – Cut to end of line
Ctrl + a – Go to start of line
Ctrl + e – Go to end of line
- Disk Space
df -h – Show free space on mounted filesystems
df -i – Show free inodes on mounted filesystems
du -h folder – Show file usage of each folder in folder
du -sh folder – Show the total file size of folder
fdisk -l – Show disks partitions sizes and types (run as root)
free – Show memory and swap usage