Install Oracle Database 12c on RHEL/CentOS 7

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Contents

Document Overview:-

Oracle database is one of the most widely used relational database management systems (RDBMS) in enterprise environments. Developed, maintained, and supported by Oracle Corporation, this RDBMS is often installed on top of a flavor of Enterprise Linux (RHEL, CentOS, or Scientific Linux). This makes for a very robust operating system – database choice.

In this Document, I will explain how to install Oracle 12c Release 2 on a RHEL/CentOS 7 GUI server.

Prerequisites:

Additionally, please note that an Oracle account is required to download the Oracle Database 12c installation file (3.2 GB). Don’t worry about this, though, as you can create an account for free.

Finally, make sure your server has at least 2 GB of RAM and 30 GB of available disk space. These hardware requirements are safe for a testing environment such as ours, but will need to increase if you consider using Oracle in production

Preparing for Oracle 12c Installation

To begin, make sure that all the packages currently installed on your RHEL/CentOS 7system are updated to their latest versions.

# yum update -y

Next, installed all the required dependencies for the RDBMS, along with the zip and unzip packages.

# yum install -y binutils.x86_64 compat-libcap1.x86_64 gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64 ksh compat-libstdc++-33 libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64 libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libXi.i686 libXi.x86_64 libXtst.i686 libXtst.x86_64 make.x86_64 sysstat.x86_64 zip unzip

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

wget –no-check-certificate https://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol7.repo

wget –no-check-certificate https://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol7 -O /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle

yum -y install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall

Create the user account and groups for Oracle.

# groupadd oinstall

# groupadd dba

# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

Finally, set a password for the newly created oracle account.

# passwd oracle

Add the following kernel parameters to /etc/sysctl.conf file.

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 8329226240

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

and apply them:

# sysctl -p

# sysctl -a

Set the limits for oracle in /etc/security/limits.conf file.

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

Swap Space addition

Add minimum 2 GB Swap space

Run Below commands to add 2 GB swap space with filesystem.

sudo install -o root -g root -m 0600 /dev/null /swapfile

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1k count=2048k

mkswap /swapfile

swapon /swapfile

echo “/swapfile       swap    swap    auto      0       0” | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

sudo sysctl -w vm.swappiness=10

echo vm.swappiness = 10 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

Create the top level directory for the Oracle user, change the ownership, and set privileges:

mkdir –p /u01
chown oracle:dba /u01 -R
chmod 775 /u01

Download Oracle software

Download the Oracle Database 12c installation file (3.2 GB) and place under /u01/install_files

and unzip it

cd /u01/install_files/

unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip

chown oracle:dba /u01 -R
chmod 775 /u01

At this point, we are ready to begin the initial software installation. As the downloaded file was unzipped, a directory called database was created under your current directory.

Create response files to server at /u01 location

Create below response files at server

Installation

The command to run the Oracle home in silent mode (running from the database directory) is:

/runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/db_install.rsp

 

Note that a common mistake is to put a ‘=’ after –responseFile. Do not do this, it will cause an error.

The output of a successful installation will look like this:

[oracle@sovmc201 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/db_install.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer…

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 66020 MB   Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 16379 MB   Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-11-02_03-04-27PM. Please wait …[oracle@sovmc201 database]$ You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-11-02_03-04-27PM.log

The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.

Please check ‘/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-11-02_03-04-27PM.log’ for more details.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

 1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

 2. /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/root.sh

 Successfully Setup Software.

Now run the ‘root’ scripts as the root user:

[root@sovmc201 ~]# cd /u01/app/oraInv*

[root@sovmc201 oraInventory]# ls

ContentsXML logs oraInst.loc orainstRoot.sh oui

[root@sovmc201 oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

[root@sovmc201 oraInventory]#

[root@sovmc201 oraInventory]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1

[root@sovmc201 dbhome_1]# ./root.sh

Check /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/install/root_sovmc201.localdomain_2017-11-02_15-12-34-541423307.log for the output of root script

[root@sovmc201 dbhome_1]#

You have now installed Oracle using the silent install method, and have also cloned the Oracle home.

CREATING A SILENT DATABASE

The next step is the silent database creation. This is a fairly straightforward process, and very similar to the Oracle home installation process. First, find the file dbca.rsp and copy it to a new location. The dbca.rsp file will be in the same directory as the db_install.rsp file.

Set your environment:

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH.

Now Create Database with response file created under /u01 during installation

[oracle@sovmc201 u01]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile dbca.rsp

Copying database files

1% complete

2% complete

18% complete

33% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

35% complete

40% complete

44% complete

49% complete

53% complete

54% complete

55% complete

58% complete

Completing Database Creation

59% complete

60% complete

61% complete

64% complete

68% complete

69% complete

Executing Post Configuration Actions

100% complete

Look at the log file “/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/silent/silent.log” for further details.

[oracle@sovmc201 u01]$ ps -ef |grep pmon

oracle    5137     1  0 20:26 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_silent

oracle    5507  3552  0 20:26 pts/2    00:00:00 grep –color=auto pmon

[oracle@sovmc201 u01]$ . oraenv

ORACLE_SID = [oracle] ? silent

The Oracle base has been set to /u01/app/oracle

[oracle@sovmc201 u01]$

In this article I described Oracle 12C release 2 Installation, creating a database home and creating a new database using the silent option. 

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